Hello, everyone, a warm welcome to the sixth chapter of buyer battalion webinar series. Today we have with us the remarkable scientists Dr. Prashant, Principal scientist in systems biology and molecular biotechnology Karina. Before we begin, let me take, take the liberty to speak a few words about you. Dr. Prashant obtained his PhD from Aalborg University Denmark. Later, he went on to gain over seven years of postdoctoral experience and visits in various laboratories and later took an independent investigator position in 2016. He’s been extensively investigated on Protein Protein interactions and systems biology of hypothetical proteins, long long coding RNAs in humans. His research is also focused on next generation sequencing approaches to identify regulatory aspects of the genome. Dr. Prashant is also dating the known the unknown mechanisms of small molecule interactions to clinical outcomes. Dr. Prashant is also a mentor in biofluids, which is bioinformatics club for experimental scientist by occlusive, India, India’s bioinformatics society. So, it’s a pleasure for us that you took the time to be here with us today Dr. Prashant, also for the audience, if you have any doubts or questions regarding the presentation, please post your questions in the comment box and I’ll be moderating it after the presentation. So I welcome your doctor, Dr. Fisher to the sixth chapter by battalion webinar series. Over to you sir. Thank you, thank you so much for your kind introduction. Thank you Pooja as your for your kind invitation. I mean, in fact, the word biomaterials, you know, sounds very exciting and fascinating. So, happy, medium mishmi and disrupt your wherever you are. So all the best, you know, for your endeavors. So, you know, when we know is asked to present a talk, I just thought, you know, I tell some of my stories now that I’ve had over the last 1819 months ever since the COVID picture came in, and how we know as a systems biologists, you know, I’ve probably known you’ve taken us some kind of, you know, entities taken up into some kind of challenges, and all those kinds of things. So I recently joined here, in Encino, lush green campus, a wonderful campus in the west coast of India, a wonderful place called amritapuri Veliko, where, you know, we have this back photos and we are working on brackish water, you know, merging into the agency, river, the wonderful campus all under the banner of experiencing the world renowned humanitarian, my family. And our institute is dated by Dr. Bill Nye, de ambetter School of biotechnology, and Amrita University is recently been accepted as Institute of eminence. And we are being the best Institute in India, not the Second World Rankings not coming up to top 100. So we are among the top 100 universities in the world. So what I try to touch base here is something that I mixture often are both some kind of real estate fan base questions that, you know, I try to navigate. So for example, we try to brainstorm and at some point of time, and then I’ll also take up you know, you know, two solid stories know, which we have done over the last I would say, you know, 18 to 19 months. So, this is a kind of interrupt, you know, picture where I just try to pick up on some of the stories. So, the part one of my particular talk is something no more like a kind of teaser. So, I know, you know, many, many of us, you know, I faced my kind of a couple of stats, you know, when COVID-19 arrived on March 22, officially in India, that was when, when the, you know, lopen started last year in 2020. And then, you know, we’re all hooked up, we’re all you know, at home and all that kind of a long term kind of entity was sitting on batteries not having time. So for those people who are working, you know, hard and fast rule to ensure the licensed state. So, so, I think of in the very first new COVID This thing came into picture as an optimist as a kind of you know a person like any other any other person and I’ve always considered you know this school as a kind of a blessing in disguise nevertheless you know we always look piggyback between the positive thoughts and negative thoughts what instead and I’ll try to discuss at some point of time at some point of time was it a beam Was it a moon you know, certain questions in the forecast. But you know, as a systems biologist, you know, when we have you know, systems biology as a discipline, system strategy is nothing but you know, the biology of the system. So, we have all these you know, basics which are pictured in four panels here, we talked about only omics is nothing but many, so, when you say genomic, it’s setting which video optimally number of genes or a straight number of number of proteins, likewise, you know, so on and so forth. But, but, but not getting into these particular details. So, if there is any function reporter, which is, which is not changing at any given point of time, you know, if it is what’s required is a phenomenon that is really changing at any point of time. I reckon that, you know, it’s always within the influence of an environment. Okay. So that is what we call it as epi genetics. Okay, so, so if we look back when the COVID COVID-19, you know, came into picture, but it’s the very first thing that struck my mind was, Why is that a person who is a trash lifter, largely in India, in the suburbs of India, wouldn’t get you know, any kind of, you know, COVID infection. The best thing is people that are very, you know, concerned about, you know, all those shanties in Mumbai shanties in Hyderabad, Bangalore, this particular places where you probably know people live in cities. But But you will be surprised that they were those particular no more systems than those people who are really no white collar. Okay. So that’s because they have those so called, you know, the resistance entities or the resistance genes, or even the resistance mutations, you know, so, so, so largely, you know, we always talk about something called epigenetics, you know, so there’s always a kind of epigenetic influence, by and large. So, that was then, you know, sometime during June, or may, you know, this thing, you know, came into picture. I don’t know, what would be a first impression when you look at this particular wonderful, you know, image or a cartoon. I don’t know if I can see some chat answers here. But I’ll probably not try to brainstorm at a later point of time. You see here, this feeling distracts about something called you know, you know, gender imbalance. You find all those men, you know, moving forward with this is, you know, really, who is who is again, you know, wireless bank, who’s moving slowly, and there’s no one here to help her. So the same thing has really happened. You know? You have we cannot see your screen size you’re sharing. No, no, I’m really, I’m really I’m really sorry. I don’t know why. Oh, sorry. So sorry. I don’t know. Wait, stop. Yes. Okay. I’m really sorry for this seminar. Wait, stop over now. Yes, we can see. I don’t know why I’m not able to see the full screen here. But you can see the slides moving right. Can you see the slides moving? I’m sorry. Meet up. Hello. Hello. You can continue now. So the screen is again gone. Now can you see the slides here now? Are they moving? We can we can see. Your military applicants for the SEC. No, no, that is not what has really happened. So this is what I was just talking about, you know, their genetic story. So, sex rating system strategy, you know, is in the rearm of this particular biology you know, we always talked about something called epigenetics when facing any state any steady states of illnesses. So now can you see the slide moving here? I’m sorry, I just want to be cautious. Like it’s all good stuff. So, so, I don’t know what you see at this particular image now, when you see here, so, this poor lady is you know driven back with no one you know, coming to a rescue here I would say come into a rescue, but you know, this has been a kind of a problem you know, for many biologists where you know, there is a kind of a gender imbalance of extremely you know, taking place not just in India, but it’s all over the world. So, here the men are moving forward with whatever no small amount of you know, viral load you know, that they have keeping behind this lady you know, where there’s a huge viral load apart from our you know, probably a household works that she would probably carry out in India, you know, at least in Indian conditions. So, this is wonderfully you know, described in this particular cartoon and this was you know, discuss who by and large in finance and this particular manuscript you know, was largely discussed, you know, keeping in the often on gender balance and as soon as no no psychological steady state. So, there was also another article during that point of time by van bevel, he called you know, the art of you know, taking you know, COVID as a kind of various COVID as a kind of a trick is largely because of you know, several other factors, it could be a kind of a prejudice, maybe it could be a kind of, you know, disaster in management, it could even be a panic, it could be largely, you know, taking cognizance of some kind of new leadership, how certain leaders know work so, that you know, COVID you know, could be you know, kept aside and of course, there are other entities like you know, the culture at which you know, this particular COVID-19 infection who comes and the kind of social norms and all those No, no, vice versa, I mean, yeah, you know, even the vice versa even when sometimes the, the COVID you know, might also infect the cultural constraints and the cultural constraints could also be associated with you know, more you know, while while, but one of the important things too that was largely discussed is something what we call you know, stress how a person in all overcomes this stress, how this person can really move to the so called cognitive bias. So, say if typically, you’re really asked to in a stay home, you know, for 10 days, no, not even you know, coming out sort of outside your room, how will you survive, what could really happen to your, you know, immediate, you know, cognition, you know, cognitive signals you know, coming up from your body. So, so, there is always, you know, a kind of a cognitive bias now, which we’ll discuss in the next few slides. But nevertheless, as I was talking about the COVID 19 So, called epigenetics There was also some kind of good news because because of you know, shutting down of so many industries although there is a kind of economic loss many people you know, stating those there was no no pollution, there was no no profit, no, that is discriminating, you know, from the roads. And of course, there was less use of plastics and you know, people could, you know, save lots of energies, drastically, you know, the CMR to quantify and nitric oxide levels came down, there was a lot of, you know, increase in making the flow of organic waste, less several things who came into picture likewise, and system strategist. You know, I always wanted to know what could really happen to the country. We were sitting in most of the time, you know, before a computer system, and as system spelling is no real, providing us, you know, bank makes predictions and taken on small amounts of works in the big clap. So, so the very first thing that really came up to our minds was, you know, the big data challenge. So if we can be We come closer to something called the most slow way, you know, the competition and capabilities now get doubled every two years, and the space no getting doubled, you know, we also need to ensure that the pricing around so you know, come down. So we needed to clean in all the unnecessary apps or unnecessary files that are probably not present inside our computers and that could probably not bring us some kind of merit, you know, taking up the environmental impact of any kind of disease. So what happened was, this is, I think, you know, the take home message of this, so called COVID-19 slide, and sure, those who knew, you know, the kind of announcements of COVID-19 from the Government of India on March 22 2020, that might be a kind of a shocker for your most of you, or most of us, in fact, you know, although I didn’t really see it as a shortcut. But as I was sitting here, this is where our cognitive biases, it is where our health issues now really popped up. In fact, we thought that, you know, probably we will be maintaining, maintaining optimal, no work life balance, probably we would stay, you know, seven days a week, you know, at home, but, you know, our health was on second priority, not health issues, no came up as a kind of a thing. But, but there are two important syndromes which 93% of the world population and underwent, it’s not just those so called people, you know, we’re working for, you know, companies, or academia, or researchers or scientists like you and me, but it’s also the children who was singing those. So I just have tried to touch base upon these two important syndromes, I’m sure you know, you might have heard of this one is what we call it as imposter syndrome. So if you’re an imposter, then you will no doubt your own capabilities or the immune system things you always will try to doubt your own capabilities. By default, why because Am I being right? Am I really not worth enough to know to become the kind of a researcher and scientist is it really worth enough enough to do some kind of no punishment science. So, these kinds of self talks have popped up in every individual, the same is the case not even for every researcher, and by and large, you know, this also influenced how you know the person living with you, in that environment, enclose those, the four walls of your house, you know, they will also have had, you know, that kind of thing. So, the opposite of that is something what we call you guys know, gunning for a syndrome. So, it’s setting but overconfidence. So, the very first probably eight or nine months when the infection was sitting, you know, declining. You know, maybe by December 2015, he thought that yes, no, COVID COVID, you know, would probably be gone. But, but, you know, the other way around was, you know, coverages providers, just like any influenza, probably like my clinic focusing rainy season or in cold winters. But, but, you know, it was the other way around, you’d be surprised to know the economic COVID-19 infections were by and large, you know, between March and June, which isn’t a big summer in India, except in a few places like in Canada. So, that was a kind of a you know, this thing is really seen as a cognitive bias of the kind of an individual you know, changed you know, where, you know, people would really take it for granted I would stay home, I will do this kind of work, maybe maybe in a principals and Frankie’s where people tend to become imposters. And by the time in a mask, because influence came up, you know, there was no example at some point of time and again, you have some kind of an overconfidence, bias, but, you know, many researchers, even many people, you know, piggyback between these two states, these two cognitive states, and need to I was also at this point of time, but I create, overcome, you know, some kind of things, I just tell you my story so that, you know, you’ll find it really useful. So, so suitable, and I would really, you know, piggyback between this small stupidity to the valley of despair, and now nominee by 2021. In December, we will probably again, you know, become an imposter But But hopefully we will you do learn, you know how to come back and have these cycles, these cycles of no cognitive bias, that’s where, you know, at some point of time, even none of us will know here was zero, but you know, we will tend to become, you know, some kind of an expert, probably by December 2021. So, so when, when COVID-19 came into picture, that was the day where I remember, we had to do some sequencing, and that was in Jaipur got this announcement, we had to wrap up, we had to send him a certain qualities to the courier. But, you know, I said, I live in Spain investigated with, you know, six or seven PhD fellows and two postdocs, then I only asked my PhD fellows, you know, for only one thing, keep asking questions. If you are a researcher, keep asking questions on on the on the PhD that you’re doing. Okay. And ask a case 100 questions, you know, for your PhD, and the same thing for COVID-19 aspers, we asked, you know, at least you know, 100 questions, okay. Every, every day No, recept certain stupid questions are coming up. Because we knew that, you know, we will impose shows at that point of time. We also knew that, you know, you’d also tend to be conducted running queries at some point of time. So you’re asking them questions. Okay. And we ask that 100 questions, we’ll share an Excel worksheet with us, I will ask my PhD fellows to retract the data. So we asked, you know, these 10 questions, the jotted down with these 10 questions with the collaborators. And with these, you know, 10 important questions, we published 10 important papers. So the last, you know, 1819 months, and this was a kind of a very rare moment, and he recognized the 10 good papers for the last 18 months, in decent journals. That, you know, we felt that, you know, we were, you know, doing some real good sciences staying at home for me, we would not have gotten those bigger papers aggregator that, at least increases collect. Okay, so these are some of the questions. Very first question was, why would you know, COVID-19 have come against you, okay, without any prejudice to any nation? Why would COVID-19 period? You know, humans? Why not in animals? Okay, even, you know, we would we would ask, no, why would you know, COVID-19 is like, you know, the cows, so the dogs from the streets, okay. So those are the, you know, kind of things, what happens to mitochondria in Singapore, so several things, and we had, you know, maybe some of you were not really born, but during 94, or 91, we had something called an eventual plague. where, you know, people were in this thing, and they would kill rats. Okay. But likewise, that was happening in which rapidex, neighboring state had cancer that way, you know, they will have an award, refract forever, and they will pray them, you know, that was not a surprise. So then he asked, How How, how good was a kind of an influence, then? Some probably some prefer years ago when compared to now. Okay, so why isn’t technology is probably not fading away during the summer? Is there any kind of influence on the temperature? And how prepared are We know, for diagnostics? And no, no, we are probably a kind of a proud nation with almost no 63% of the country’s population are vaccinated? Because once you know, for this much, you know, a big nation. Likewise, what would happen to the something number of, you know, genes, so genomes, okay. And what could really happen, you know, to these indianized plates, do we need again, you know, come up with those big data challenge, because now we have 67,334, Assembly assembly, you know, COVID sequences, right now, do we really need a machine learning and all this kind of stuff. Okay. So, and likewise, you know, people knew that there were two important receptors. So there’s a wider set is entering the host, which is the host cell, and you’ve got two guardians of the cell, the case two and the TMP is receiving the virus. But the ask why, why, why the hell only is two to two genes. Isn’t there any other genes like interleukin similar that might really play very important role in our potential is the MBR system? Why would a screen unlock the door? Every time we see the virus? Why not you know, the other you know, change is very long main questions we try to ask, and we try to try to solve and explain or one of these long non coding RNAs as key players which I’d like to discuss in the next few slides. So, that is what we started. So So Mira just wants to be sure. I hope I’m audible and everything is okay. Right? I’m sorry. Yep. Hello. Yes, sir, everything is fine. Please continue to do so. So, you know, like any Bioinformatics, Cisco Systems biologist, the very first question that one would really pop up is fully drilling, bioinformatics. So your body’s sequences sequence really structures rapidly expansion. So this is how, what we are, we are asked to do as system strategies. And this is where we have taken this. And then we asked a very important question, what systems aspects are very important, you know, providers? Because at that point of time, the very first sequences from Houma and the US, South Korea, and, and even in, you know, Europe, you know, those previous samples were really uploaded in gsta. website. Okay. And of course, no, we we will, you know, pop up, you know, with these kind of questions. So, what happens to this mutation? Why will, you know, mutations will keep arising, and why is limitations, not taking up the, you know, reproducibility, what happens, you know, to the proteins that are evaluating individual, I mean, it’s a small genome and sadistic 29.9 kB genome, and we are bought, you know, for structure, but is in the form of medicine membrane and molecular capsules, by cooking, what happens to the interactions, why we call the strange, naughty, but acting and, you know, and fitting in and so, these were the kinds of questions and, of course, you know, in the back of our mind, we had this thing called temperature, we thought probably, you know, when lockdown happened in March, I think, you know, we were in jail for political trickery, could have been afraid, no, these are all the kind of thoughts because he thought, you know, he couldn’t really dictate, you know, you know, that many times the crane or we have at least created six new mutations, including the latest data variant, which is not even know, untreated. So, this is what he was feeling particular. And this is the kind of questions we asked, and this is how the structure for these behind this particular thing and what happens now, with those intermediate vectors, what happens to the, you know, back what, what I mean, what happens to the, you know, possibly gene transfer statistics of its system, were in a bag to probably be infected with a virus, and there are no good number of you know, what to call, you know, microbiota existing, you know, that are associated with the protein transfer. So, these were the kind of professions you know, we are still taking, you know, that particular thing. So, this is at Bangalore, we had an officer g padmanabha, who was an ex director, and for systemic issues in Greek Bolivar, these were my mentors, and we were in a working almost, you know, 18 to 19 hours today. Okay. We would, you know, probably start with the content by surgery in the morning, and probably not work until Tuesday night, that was how, you know, used to work used to discuss coffee and tea. And, of course, you know, my wife, you know, being a researcher that helped me and we came up, you know, all nighters, etc. You know, curcumin is an antiviral, you know, can curcumin influence, you know, South Korea too. So, this is what we we tried to, and we felt that, you know, curcumin should also be compared with all the 16 well known products know that word, at some point of time, and hopefully, you know, cricket for COVID. So there are 16, well known COVID-19, including remedies were even michinoku single method is no longer use now. And we tried to compare and came up with some kind of docking studies. And then you know, that paper was highly complicated about, you know, ketosis, HST downloads and coconut in fact, is going to be very important. But, but, but when you’re working on this person, and all those kind of things, you cprs you know, are there any kind of no other innate immune response pathways that goes into the signaling of COVID-19 infection? So that’s very interesting. He came up with a picture which is developing certain receptor Okay, and we practicing the symbolic incenting is well known as integration circumcenter. And seven or eight indicates the status and several other genes of interest. And we are somewhere with the significance 13 or five. So we made these kinds of things. I’m not trying to work really, really there’s no the papers are published, you know, you can see our papers, but I’m just trying to tell you from a systems Validus perspective, the kind of challenges that we face the kind of questions we ask, and how we really reach the bottom of those particular questions. So the second part of my particular story is something on temperature inferencing COVID-19. So this is where, you know, I told you, March 22, which was the so called trading winters in Jaipur, or in North India, then there was some level restart sometime between April 15 or so, we secured Yes, COVID-19 was really run away, let’s not really worry about that. And we did that, right. But first, surprise, temperature has caught some interference with all these particular variables that we have here about several attributes here, we’re talking about phenotypes, that would accelerate the direction of a COVID-19, we’re talking about the chemotypes, we’re talking about the cross contamination, we’re also talking about other vitamins that are largely influencing the COVID-19 state of infection. We’re also talking about the dress laws talking about the akamas, a small molecule, several things, very sad case, nanobodies, aptamers, nanomoles, as a kind of a sample type as for several things are really going wrong, you know, you really go to the newspaper and use. So in summary, you know, these kinds of things. But our variable was something called temperature. We immediately asked, Would we get some metadata from any planet? or from any publicly available database, saying that a person x, maybe from magical age, Bhopal, which is simply India, during the peak summers in June would get a kind of an infection? And if so, what is this? What is this? Okay, so that data now we were really looking we were looking into, that was when, you know, in June 2020, when I say my city, that any metadata that is collected from nationals for biology or in isomer, labs would only be retained with the government last, and none of the private Institute’s. Okay, and then, you know, we were taken aback, and then we asked our collaborators associations, and then we got some kind of limited data from Mahatma Gandhi hospital. thanks to Dr. Brown gates, well, conventional medicine working on this, because you know, there are some kind of you know, these things so we need some kind of an epidemiological models, we will have some kind of an epidemiological case, that could really largely infringe any kind of privacy state. Those are criminological models that the car models which you know, which is susceptible expose, infectious recovery model, which is well known not only for COVID-19 states, but also an COVID. For one instruction came up some, you know, 17 years ago, in 2003, he had these steel models, no works, you know, very well, and even the public play, and all those kind of things. Now, these epidemiological, statistical models know, was very good. Okay, they’re being very much since 1927. Okay. And that’s where, you know, we last talked about the production number, and all those kind of things. So, so it was kind of kind of a premise, that if there is a car model, can we add a temperature as another model security and kind of a car model, there will be a car susceptibility exposed, expose infection and decoding words, but there’s also temperature. So this is what you know, we are. So that’s temperature effect, you know, COVID-19, you know, effectively. So, these are the kind of known states as you could say, there are about you know, so many creature, even 40 degrees 41 or 42, you know, from our sample data, we bought about 29,000, waterfall, home mechanic records from Amazon, and also from Pakistan, private hospitals, and we just tried to pull it down. And we try to run them what kind of a simulation model and systems valid model what is that as is still running. So, so the hypothesis here is, what viral infection persists, or changing them in some kind of an environment, or would it be no resilience? Nothing is for me correct. So maybe you know, it’s 31 degrees Celsius, we might have, you know, viral infection viral loads within the environment within a system within 35, which is, I would say, kind of a hot temperature, maybe the viral you know, still survives strikes with them, right, but they could still accruing, but maybe for about 40 degrees Celsius within that particular environment with the use of the wild infection in a day. So, this is what you know, we try to can be triggered with this will really change the infection. So, how we want to be asked, What would be the steady state dynamics of a push of a patient x right from the onset of infection. So, from the electronic health record data set, the person x is coming from Jaipur, and if he has gotten an infection, or an onset of infection, we’ll say contemporary April 15th, okay, then we will take j pose geospatial satellite image data, and us from his housing location, at that point of time on that particular day, what could be a kind of an average temperature that existed during that day in the onset of infection, okay. So, this is where epigenetics in my opinion play very important role, you know, this is what we did, and we came up with some kind of simulations, which we are still working. So, this is simply based on something called ordinary differential equations, okay. And this is od ease, and this is what we are trying to propose a secret model, which we are still, you know, working on this, and this is done through something called the complex pathway simulation models, okay, called the capacity. Okay, so these are all, you know, some kind of things, and we are just trying to, you know, work hard and fast on this. So, so the part two of the story here is, for a sense, so, it’s not virtuous. And because we’re talking about the steady state dynamics of a kind of an infection of that particular virus, taking the shape or taking the whole state of that particular crime to ask, you’re trying to ask a system, okay, to simulate taking these ordinary differential equations. So that is possible, that can be possible. You know, we all in a sitting at home snow, really probably no, go home, and then go to labs and fish, particularly if everything is done, you know, online. This is what is the second part of the story. So these lies within these particular systems. And the third part, which I will probably which is recently published, under no cannot live in papers that were published in COVID. There’s something called long non coding RNAs transcripts. So what do you mean by transcripts? This and this will try to tell you the story. And again, you know, one of the questions that we are asked, you know, we will also stick in the dinner table, okay, when we ask, you know, some very stupid questions without children as well as perfect as well, because, you know, there are future researchers that are future scientists. Okay, Nick, and Google me do this and all those kind of things. We, we are a very pertinent question. And then the fatalities, and I have so many casualties of COVID-19. Why is that? No, there are more men in no way from COVID-19 infection, competitive women, you know, that was fought in VR. And, of course, it could also be some kind of similar questions. One of the other questions people asked was the kind of immigrant you know, gut microbiota taking place in women is more rare, you know, they would probably have, you know, those kind of notice systems, thriving bacteria, or, you know, taking up the fighting of this particular viruses, maybe, you know, they are born in a with a kind of an innate immunity, you know, it is what, you know, certain things are going on. But when you were, you know, reading a lot of literature when we were asking these questions, I know, several papers have popped up almost every day, you know, 1000 papers for us to pop up all of the way. One important thing was since I was working on a prostate cancer project, I’ve been trying to set up for one of our projects, if people opt out saying that the people are the patients who have prostate cancer victims would have the highest chance to survive from COVID than those particular people who are not prostate or were not prostate, you know, cancer patients, you know, and then you know, we asked and then we came up with a simplest mitochondrial highlighting story by then, this was a paper which we published by May 2020 with patience. So, this is what I was trying to say we have got two important receptors, the folk tune Come here is to sit at the entrance. It received the viral load incapacitates the mitochondria because in a healthy city about about 2% mitochondria per cell, the mitochondria gets hijacked, okay? Which means mitochondria, what he calls his angle. So all mitochondria in the sending of gets incapacitated and they get skin, okay, they end up killing. And if they are killed, the cell asphyxiate with the cell asphyxiate the same size as the tissue and summonses and the person. That’s okay, that’s, that’s a source. And this paper which we which we published in June 2020, is highly cited now. It’s almost you know, five lakh downloads and about 105 citations. So, we feel very fortunate that this paper came on and then in in my view, we also identified some long putting up so long non coding RNAs you know, are those so called non coding RNAs which do not have any function Okay, so they’re just sitting there but people think that you know, they don’t have polling potential but inherently know that silence is religious like introverts you know sitting there just to keep watching like this and what could really happen you know, when such public level kicks and we know what could happen to these long Why do you think you know these long non coding RNAs which play a very important role in regulation, but come and try to interact with this you know, eight to 14 year history and other things what could really happen when such an odd thing is really going on where in the mitochondria case you know, this is working okay. And we try to identify several epitopes targets like this several active targets now we have identified by and large okay and because of why the reason why or at least consent was overstayed was considered to be a good target for my contract okay. And overseeing an order nice and we try to look into these kind of things and then this is where our transcription story came to picture. So, when these several you know viral proteins and human proteins are interacting with each other, okay, and there is this guy called wrong and putting that in Okay, which would be transgressed when I say transgress it will just trespass things along and putting it would check what could really happen to the horse cooking here in our kitchen in here which is cpnp one and as CEO with a wider infection in location with this NFP 15 Okay, this NFP 15 is absolutely taking up with a kind of what we call a no similar basis you know, in connection with this no catalin not which is a human which means, the nsps have been influencing this long I’m calling on him to take up this because these are the interacting partners, this is what we have really shown and this could really have a mean check in influencing other comorbidities in COVID-19. So, this is what we call it as a transmission you know, story and this is what you know chemically Well, this is the paper in our press, the star speaker transfer saying the long pudding is uncovers the known unknowns, the known unknowns and the so called the proteins that are known as functions that are not so this is you know, one of her breakthrough articles where my two patients closely she can you know, give us on this so, the overall conclusions and perspectives I know we are already going through tough times okay. From a system strategy perspective, a system is nothing but it can be any system you can talk about a computer system you can talk about a Siemens system, anything and we are learning we are doing some kind of kind of biology, okay. And, and the only thing is when we are sitting in a room like this, when we are an imposter or when we are returning for what would really happen to a city state of mind. We need to stay focused, we need to keep certain things no aside, okay. But what we did was we asked them arch, we have tried this arch. We thought you know, we will ask questions. That is what we did. We are 100 patients, okay? And we read in a lot of papers, okay? And we don’t know, work, you know, no single and it’s not good economics. My idea. I don’t know priceless Okay, we collaborate because collaborative convergence is a very important role and most importantly lend your ideas okay? Try to learn this and try to become good listeners and that’s for no we needed to so many people who would do much to write a paper we try to share it you know with others and also I don’t know what would you look at this particular thing Okay, sometimes I give it to my kids as well my 14 year old girl and and the one is nine right beside me and tell me what what comes to mind so this is what I call it as an entrepreneur looking to really collaborate and this is where you know we really need to enter a unique ask us some questions So what advice would you give to someone as a researcher as a human or anyone for those who work with buyers and from where Okay, there’s a difference. So, that is where you know this is so these are the important states that you will probably come up with a cognitive bias variable you will probably you know, float between impartial synchrony and it always say detect Tomorrow Never Dies. Maybe today might be a kind of a mediocre day, maybe a straight might be the worst day the day before might be the worst okay, but you cannot get a broom. You know, you know thinking about the past. Okay, what would be the end two minutes from now that is what you really need to think. Okay. And and and certainly COVID-19 is a blessing and a boon in disguise and as a SYSTEMS MANAGER, he is very proud and saying that many of my fellows earlier bookfair COVID-19 kimmeridgian say you know, my right to Berber phobia 32 for a canoe you know, the people who are telling you that maybe we just because of COVID-19 you know, the the infection you know, is really gone and never really carries on. I’ve seen many of my mentees, many of Ganga basin who are disadvantaged is also an opposition in so many articles. Okay, so please consider COVID-19 as a blessing in disguise they celebrated you know let’s let’s take it as a kind of a celebration and of course you know, we have had sorry news for the states you know, so many people Okay, let’s let’s let’s let’s you know, bring you know, some reminiscences you know, let’s give them a kind of a place that in the near future even if COVID 22 arrives, you know, we are able to know station and such kind of changes really, you know, it should really make us make us stronger. It should really make us no resistance. Okay, this is what No, no, we will do when comments like infectious will come up, smile again, you know, don’t don’t don’t panic, okay? It will be difficult to teach you, you know, strike by committing let’s create an acceptance spellings. No, I came up with those kinds of things. So So for this, you know, since the human activities in the crisis have written a kind of an article called the three C’s and COVID lessons from COVID times. So three C’s are the collaboration, convergence and consistency, to always try to collaborate, converse with ideas and be consistent innovators thoughts, and action. And this is what as Mira is coming to me and the founder of this India’s largest transmitted society called by my stuff like so many scientists, we have also photos and finally active members. And three of them have been very matrix so far. So in BIOS interest group setting there, you’re most welcome to join our group stoppable.com forward slash your BIOS, we also mentor students, give them virtual projects, help them publish, connect them to different places, okay, different lands. And all mentees have been placed across 30 different countries right now. We have had over 55 two publications right from the tech sector one to 31 we have been finding no biochemic so this I would like to thank in a future Mira and team bio Battalion, I really loved the name by the way Battalion, you know, it’s it’s a lovely, not very inspiring, and I would like to thank all my PhD fellows and postdocs who have been listening with last several years. I’ve got 2270s films, academia, first postdocs, and my collaborators, of course, my funders, and of course, no mathematical in the mind and my purpose in life, and all members rooms and mentors. I’d be happy to take a question and brainstorm with you. Thank you so much. Thank you so much for For the wonderful presentation I’m sure that all the audience watching this would be benefited from your talk and audience those interested you can definitely check out biofluids I guess we have a question for you was temperature variable included in the car mod model itself? Or was it a separate model? Yeah, I mean, this water temperature is a actually is a kind of it’s a difficult variable but you know, that is what we are trying to propose to model 50 IRT but he’s already officially Christians that would also you know, pick up those particular counts because we need an accurate metadata for that. So which will be a real mistake because many electronic health records unfortunately are not really maintained properly. Okay, they’re not really maintained you know accurately it’s very unfortunate, we never knew we have a patient you know comes with or not you know, is coming from throwing rajastan on the table right in Delhi, Delhi or somewhere and going to these kind of things, the temperature variables need to be written in accurately, okay. So, I never knew you know, when is the onset of infection, that is very important, because you know, we cannot say take the temperature variable of that particular person or sometime after, you know, 10 days of infection, okay. Because the, you know, the viral load is there, you know, for the first minority people might be asymptomatic and symptomatic as we never go on this kind of thing. Yeah, that’s the kind of a good question. So, clearly, you know, coming up with that particular story, we are we need to figure out you know, those kind of temperature models. Thank you. Thank you, I shot Nebraska. Why scientists have been asked that mitochondrial hijack India’s mitochondria mediated apoptosis, the pathway is how does the virus evade that? This is this is in fact, a wonderful question. So, as I told you, a very small story is about a student and TMP is to at the entrance of the door, okay, this is my son says it says, their device, something where it starts spreading, okay? The ace to courage, the speaker while also okay, and of course, GMP is already there. And as soon as the mitochondria gets killed, you get inactivated, you know, you can have a lot of, you know, what you call, you know, asphyxiation, you know, taking, and as it is, before, even before the cell dies, even before, you know, you come to in a kind of a apocalyptic state. Okay, the virus is more so smart. That, is that intelligence, he could sense now what’s sitting happening, you know, in that particular cell? Yes, you know, maybe, you know, there is some kind of type of product pathways that are really activating within this particular cell. Even before that, you know, actually, you know, keep on hijacking the mitochondria. So, unfortunately, we, we are, we have very limited space on what’s really happening to the differentially expressed gene coms during that process, because it’s a very small thing, right? As soon as the virus attacks the cell, we can no seconds make radio interface, and that’s okay, one cell is lost, it could really go the other spreading infection. So, so, in fact, in principle, you didn’t even get to know that in that upgrade process is is is is, you know, is initiated, for the wider sense that critical, but that’s faded over trying to come up with certain now. What do you call your transcription studies, not taking those long non coding RNA transducers that we were discussing? Because I was covering we couldn’t do an experiment, but we just started our experiments in the lab. That’s indeed a very good question. There’s one more what are the challenges of considering multiple variables in the same model? Yeah, I think you know, like any machine learning approach or like any systems modeling approach, the very first simple thing that you would probably ask is whether or not not you know, are these particular instances for those particular variables? overfitting you know, so you know, you know, what is supposed to take in, so there must be some steady state dynamics, you need an accurate data and you need some data for good training models, very good in a statistical model or a good stochastic. So if you really don’t have those particular enemy instances, entering data then Even less. So even more you know would be would be wrong. So here are the variables that will be of course, the patient age group, the mode of infection, if it is G one g two g three given is less infection with CD variable 25. g two is, you know, the so called accurate information between you know, tainted verified and less than 10 of city values is nothing but an on cheat rebate, and the person is using an author’s mind all those are equal oxygen cylinders, and all those kind of things. So, we had those particular data, but when we had it, the temperatures are kind of the variable in our Memorial scattered. So, there are different challenges. So, but we only had our data only from one hospital to find the records. Okay. Unfortunately, we could have gotten the records from there from Ames or say from icmr data that would have been wonderful, you know, they mentioned most accurately than any photos. So unfortunately, we didn’t have those particular things, we need to rely upon these so called car models. Thank you. There’s one more question Would it be having the temperature data of the patient more accurate than the original temperature data? Right, right, this is no. Again, a very solid question. In fact, you know, this question of piggybacks between a person in me with a system strategist, or a person other or another person who is exposed as a climate scientist? Okay, this is the question we need to know why is this very, very strange, isn’t it? So why don’t know, is always there. And it incapacitate the epidemic? It’s always incapacitates anyone? Okay, so here, the virus spreads largely because it’s not just because your body temperature is probably there because it is within the city state of another environment in the form of proposals like you and me, okay. But the viral infection the viral load is more just because of the epigenetics or the kind of environment in opposition and created permits, okay. So, so always the very first big factor of temperature is a kind of a variable or an attribute is always the kind of temperature that is existing in the environment, not the host temperature, okay, the body temperature might be there, but within the, you know, this thing might be most likely no different. I recall, no studies, no picking up you know, these particular, you know, considerations. So, any more questions from the audience? Okay, so I think that’s it. Thank you once again, Dr. Pressure for the wonderful presentation. We will meet you back in the broadcast studio, so kindly stay after the session. Audience thank you so much for joining us today. And also, if you haven’t subscribed to our YouTube channel, please subscribe. And you know, the upcoming events will go to a website link given in the description box below and register so that you will be notified. See y’all soon in the next talk, everyone. So we are going to end the live session now. Bye, everyone. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you, everyone.
